The medical term for a bruise is ecchymosis. It happens when small blood vessels break under the skin, causing blood to pool beneath the surface. Unlike a cut where blood escapes outside the body, bruises trap blood internally.
Common causes include bumping into furniture, minor falls, or even having blood drawn. The bruise appears dark red, purple, blue, or black at first, then changes colors—green, yellow, or brown—as your body reabsorbs the blood during healing.
When to Be Concerned
Bruises on arms and legs are usually harmless. However, you should see a doctor if:
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Bruises appear on your abdomen, back, genitals, ears, or hands.
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They occur frequently without clear cause.
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They do not begin to fade within a few days.
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They last longer than two weeks.
Vitamin Deficiencies Linked to Bruising
